jueves, 4 de febrero de 2021

Past simple: Activity: Henry Fuseli , the father of Surrealism

 


 Portrait of Henry Fuseli by James Northcote.


Complete the blanks  with the past simple:

Henry Fuseli, original name Johann Heinrich Füssli, ______(born) on  February 7th , 1741, in Zürich, Switzerland. He ________(be) one of the most innovative Romantic artists of his day and _____(be)  one of the first painters in Europe who_______(take) dreams as inspiration for his works.

He_______(be )  the son of the portraitist Johann Caspar Fussli and ________(develop) an early talent for drawing. But Henry's first choice of career ______(be ) the church  and ___________(ordain) as a minister in 1761. However, he _______(have)  to leave Switzerland soon there  after for helping to  expose a corrupt  magistrate. He__________(cross) the border into Germany where he _______(fall) under the influence of the German Enlightenment, a philosophical movement which ___________(dominate) European  thought during the eighteenth century. The movement___________(promote) the idea of reason to determine legitimate authority and also  ideas such as freedom ,  tolerance and most significantly for Fuseli, the separation of church and state.



In 1764 Fuseli________( move) to London where he ________(work) as a translator of French, German and Italian books.  In London, Fuseli______( meet) Sir Joshua Reynolds, first president of the Royal Academy, to whom he_________(show) his drawings. Reynolds _________(admire) the Swiss's draughtsmanship and __________(encourage) him to further his studies in Italy.  

During his stay in Rome he_________(study) the works of Michelangelo and classical art which _________(become )his major stylistic influences. Also he ________(begin )to take dreams as inspiration for his works like in his iconic painting The nightmare which he ________(exhibite)  at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition in 1783. The sale of engravings of this popular work  ____________(provide)an important boost to his reputation as an imaginative artist.

 

The nightmare by Henry Fuseli.


In Europe,  before Henry painters used to depict  an event, a story or a person. He  _________(cause) a revolution in the artistic world of the XVIII century  using dreams as a source of inspiration like in The Nightmare.
  Some scholars today see this work of art  as a prefiguration of Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theories .Freud reportedly ______(have) a reproduction of the painting in his Vienna apartment.



Fuseli directly_________(influence) a number of younger artists including William Blake, Theodor von Holst, the Pre-RaphaeliteDante Gabriel Rossetti and, through the Royal Academy, eminent artists including J. M. W. Turner, John Constable and Sir Thomas Lawrence.

His influence was carried into the twentieth century by the Surrealists who ______(claim) Henry  as a  father figure.The Surrealists also saw dreams  as a mean of unleashing uninhibited creative expression . The work of Fuseli can be seen as a precursor  of Surrealism and his  influence on Surrealists artists  can be seen for example in Salvador Dali's painting Dream caused by the Flight of a Bee around a Pomegranate a Second before Waking up  of 1944. Surrealists _______(pay) direct homage to Henry  as an artist who __________(explore) "One of the most unexplored regions of art :  dreams" in their 1936 New York exhibition, Fantastic Art, Dada, Surrealism.





                      The vision of Catherine of Aragon by Henry Fuseli.

 ANSWERS: 




 Portrait of Henry Fuseli by James Northcote.


Henry Fuseli, original name Johann Heinrich Füssli, was born on  February 7th , 1741, Zürich, Switzerland.He was one of the most innovative Romantic artists of his day and was one of the first painters in Europe who took dreams as inspiration for his works.

He was the son of the portraitist Johann Caspar Fussli and developed an early talent for drawing. But Henry's first choice of career was  the church and  ordained as a minister  in 1761. However, he had  to leave Switzerland soon there  after for helping to  expose a corrupt  magistrate. He crossed the border into Germany where he fell under the influence of the German Enlightenment, a philosophical movement which dominated European  thought during the eighteenth century. The movement promoted the idea of reason to determine legitimate authority and also ideas such as freedom, tolerance and most significantly for Fuseli, the separation of church and state.



In 1764 Fuseli moved to London where he worked as a translator of French, German and Italian books.  In London, Fuseli met Sir Joshua Reynolds, first president of the Royal Academy, to whom he showed his drawings. Reynolds admired the Swiss's draughtsmanship and encouraged him to further his studies in Italy.  

During his stay in Rome he studied the works of Michelangelo and classical art which became his major stylistic influences. Also he began to take dreams as inspiration for his works like in his iconic painting The nightmare which he exhibited  at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition in 1783. The sale of engravings of this popular work provided an important boost to his reputation as an imaginative artist.

 

The nightmare by Henry Fuseli.


In Europe,  before Henry painters used to depict  an event, a story or a person .He  caused a revolution in the artistic world of the XVIII century  using dreams as a source of inspiration like in The Nightmare .
  Some scholars today see this work of art  as a prefiguration of Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theories. Freud reportedly had a reproduction of the painting in his Vienna apartment.



Fuseli directly influenced a number of younger artists including William Blake, Theodor von Holst, the Pre-RaphaeliteDante Gabriel Rossetti and, through the Royal Academy, eminent artists including J. M. W. Turner, John Constable and Sir Thomas Lawrence.

His influence was carried into the twentieth century by the Surrealists who claimed Henry  as a  father figure .The Surrealists also saw dreams  as a mean of unleashing uninhibited creative expression . The work of Fuseli can be seen as a precursor  of Surrealism and his  influence on Surrealists artists  can be seen for example in Salvador Dali's painting Dream caused by the Flight of a Bee around a Pomegranate a Second before Waking up  of 1944. Surrealists paid direct homage to Henry  as an artist who explored "One of the most unexplored regions of art:  dreams" in their 1936 New York exhibition, Fantastic Art, Dada, Surrealism.

 

 Bibliography:

https://eclecticlight.co/2016/11/25/the-story-in-paintings-henry-fuseli-swiss-gothic/

 

https://symbolreader.net/2018/12/01/the-reality-of-dreams-in-henry-fuselis-art/

http://visual-arts-cork.com/famous-paintings/nightmare-fuseli.htm

https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-art-historys-iconic-depictions-dreams-renaissance-surrealism

https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20200512-what-do-our-dreams-mean





                             The vision of Catherine of Aragon by Henry Fuseli.

 




Complete the information about Henry Fuseli using the past simple:


Henry Fuseli was born in Basel.


After he exposed a corrupt magistrate in Switzeland he exiled to France.   


  Fuseli met Sir Joshua Reynolds in Italy.

  

Henry exhibited his iconic painting The nightmare at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition in 1793.


 Surrealists paid direct homage to Henry Fuseli  in their  New York exhibition, Fantastic Art, Dada, Surrealism in 1926.


Titania and Bottom, by Henry Fuseli - The British Library 

Titania and bottom by Henry Fuseli.

  

 


Answers:

Complete the information about Henry Fuseli using the past simple:

Henry Fuseli was born in Basel.

Henry Fuseli was not born in Basel.

Henry Fuseli was born in Zurich.

 

After he exposed a corrupt magistrate in Switzeland he exiled to France.   

After he exposed a corrupt magistrate in Switzeland he did not exile to France.

After he exposed a corrupt magistrate in Switzeland he exiled to Germany.

 

  Fuseli met Sir Joshua Reynolds in Italy.

  Fuseli did not meet Sir Joshua Reynolds in Italy.

Fuseli met Sir Joshua Reynolds in London.

 

Henry exhibited his iconic painting The nightmare at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition in 1793.

Henry did not  exhibite his iconic painting The nightmare at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition in 1793.  

Henry exhibited his iconic painting The nightmare at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition in 1783.  


 

 Surrealists paid direct homage to Henry Fuseli  in their  New York exhibition, Fantastic Art, Dada, Surrealism in 1926.

Surrealists did not pay direct homage to Henry Fuseli  in their  New York exhibition, Fantastic Art, Dada, Surrealism in 1926.

Surrealists paid direct homage to Henry Fuseli  in their New York exhibition, Fantastic Art, Dada, Surrealism in 1936.


Milton dictating his daughter by Henry Fuseli.





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